Pain and its successful management have been one of the cornerstones of Dentistry worldwide since time immemorial. Most of the researches are focused on improvement in the area of anesthetic agents, delivery devices and technique involved. Newer technologies have been developed that can assist the dentist in providing enhanced pain relief with reduced injection pain and fewer adverse effects. The preset review of literature focus to discuss about composition, safety dose, adverse reaction of local anesthetic agent and its recent modifications.